Inkqubo yokubunjwa kweresin (RTM) yinkqubo yokubumba ulwelo oluqhelekileyo lwefiber-reinforced resin based composite materials, ezibandakanya ikakhulu:
(1) Yila iipreforms zefayibha ngokwemilo kunye neemfuno zokusebenza koomatshini kumacandelo afunekayo;
(2) Beka i-fiber preform eyenziwe ngaphambili kwi-mold, vala i-mold kwaye uyicinezele ukuze ufumane iqhekeza elihambelanayo lomthamo we-fiber preform;
(3) Ngaphantsi kwesixhobo sokutofa esikhethekileyo, faka i-resin kwi-mold kuxinzelelo oluthile kunye nobushushu ukuze uphelise umoya kwaye ucwilise kwi-fiber preform;
(4) Emva kokuba i-fiber preform igxininiswe ngokupheleleyo kwi-resin, ukuphendulwa kokunyanga kuqhutyelwa kwiqondo lokushisa elithile de kugqitywe ukuphendulwa kokunyanga, kwaye imveliso yokugqibela ikhutshwe.
Uxinzelelo lokudluliselwa kwe-resin yiyona parameter ephambili ekufuneka ilawulwe kwinkqubo ye-RTM.Olu xinzelelo lusetyenziselwa ukoyisa ukuchasana okufunyenwe ngexesha lokutofa kwi-mold cavity kunye nokuntywiliselwa kwezinto zokuqinisa.Ixesha lokuba i-resin igqibe ukuhanjiswa ihambelana noxinzelelo lwenkqubo kunye nobushushu, kwaye ixesha elifutshane linokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.Kodwa ukuba izinga lokuhamba kwe-resin liphezulu kakhulu, i-adhesive ayikwazi ukungena kwizinto zokuqinisa ngexesha, kwaye izingozi zingenzeka ngenxa yokunyuka kwengcinezelo yenkqubo.Ngoko ke, ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka ukuba i-resin liquid level ingena kwi-mold ngexesha lenkqubo yokudlulisa akufanele iphakame ngokukhawuleza kune-25mm / min.Beka iliso kwinkqubo yokudluliselwa kwe-resin ngokujonga i-port yokukhupha.Ngokuqhelekileyo kucingelwa ukuba inkqubo yokudlulisa igqityiwe xa onke amazibuko okuqwalasela kwi-mold aphuphuma iglue kwaye akasayi kukhulula amaqamza, kwaye elona xabiso le-resin elongeziweyo ngokusisiseko lilingana nenani elilindelekileyo le-resin eyongeziweyo.Ngoko ke, ukusetwa kweendawo zokukhupha umoya kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngononophelo.
Ukukhetha i-resin
Ukukhethwa kwenkqubo ye-resin ngundoqo kwinkqubo ye-RTM.Eyona viscosity yi-0.025-0.03Pa • s xa i-resin ikhutshelwa kumgodi wokungunda kwaye ingene ngokukhawuleza kwimicu.I-polyester resin ine-viscosity ephantsi kwaye ingagqitywa ngenaliti ebandayo kwiqondo lokushisa.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeemfuno ezihlukeneyo zokusebenza kwemveliso, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeerasi ziya kukhethwa, kwaye i-viscosity yazo ayiyi kufana.Ke ngoko, ubungakanani bombhobho kunye nentloko yokutofa kufuneka ilungiselelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuhamba kwamacandelo akhethekileyo afanelekileyo.I-resin ezifanelekileyo kwinkqubo ye-RTM ziquka i-polyester resin, i-epoxy resin, i-phenolic resin, i-polyimide resin, njl.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokuqinisa
Kwinkqubo ye-RTM, izinto zokuqinisa zingakhethwa njengefiber yeglasi, i-graphite fiber, i-carbon fiber, i-silicon carbide, kunye ne-aramid fiber.Iintlobo ngeentlobo zinokukhethwa ngokweemfuno zoyilo, kubandakanya iifayibha ezisikiweyo ezimfutshane, amalaphu ahlukeneyo, amalaphu e-axis amaninzi, ukuluka, ukunitha, izixhobo eziphambili, okanye iipreforms.
Ngokombono wokusebenza kwemveliso, iinxalenye eziveliswa yile nkqubo zineenxalenye eziphezulu ze-fiber volume kwaye zinokuthi ziyilwe ngokuqiniswa kwefiber yendawo ngokwemilo ethile yamacandelo, enenzuzo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwemveliso.Ngokombono weendleko zemveliso, i-70% yeendleko zamacandelo adibeneyo avela kwiindleko zokuvelisa.Ngoko ke, indlela yokunciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa ngumba obalulekileyo ofuna ukusombululwa ngokukhawuleza ekuphuhliseni izinto ezidibeneyo.Xa kuthelekiswa netekhnoloji yetekhnoloji yetanki yokucofa eshushu yokuvelisa i-resin esekelwe kwizinto ezidibeneyo, inkqubo ye-RTM ayifuni imizimba yetanki ebiza kakhulu, ukunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokuvelisa.Ngaphezu koko, iinxalenye eziveliswe yinkqubo ye-RTM azikhawulelwanga ngobungakanani betanki, kwaye ubungakanani bobukhulu becala buguquguqukayo, obunokuvelisa amacandelo amakhulu kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu.Ngokubanzi, inkqubo ye-RTM isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwaye yaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kwintsimi yokwenziwa kwezinto ezidibeneyo, kwaye ibopheleleke ukuba ibe yinkqubo ephambili kwimveliso yemathiriyeli edibeneyo.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iimveliso zemathiriyeli edibeneyo kwishishini lokwenziwa kwe-aerospace ziye zatshintsha ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka kwizinto ezingathwali mthwalo kunye nezinto ezincinci ukuya kumacandelo aphambili athwele kunye nezixhobo ezinkulu ezidibeneyo.Kukho imfuno engxamisekileyo yokwenziwa kwemathiriyeli enkulu kunye nephezulu yokusebenza edibeneyo.Ngoko ke, iinkqubo ezifana ne-vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VA-RTM) kunye ne-light resin transfer molding (L-RTM) ziye zaphuhliswa.
Inkqubo yokubumba i-vacuum encediswayo yokudluliselwa kwentlaka ye-VA-RTM
Inkqubo yokubumba i-vacuum incedise i-resin transfer VA-RTM yinkqubo yeteknoloji ephuma kwinkqubo ye-RTM yendabuko.Inkqubo ephambili yale nkqubo kukusebenzisa iimpompo ze-vacuum kunye nezinye izixhobo zokucoca ngaphakathi kwesikhunta apho i-fiber preform ikhona, ukwenzela ukuba i-resin ifakwe kwi-mold phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo olubi lwe-vacuum, ukuphumeza inkqubo yokungena. i-fiber preform, kwaye ekugqibeleni iqina kunye nokwenza ngaphakathi kwi-mold ukufumana i-shape efunekayo kunye ne-fiber volume fraction ye-composite material parts.
Xa kuthelekiswa netekhnoloji ye-RTM yemveli, itekhnoloji ye-VA-RTM isebenzisa ukupompa i-vacuum ngaphakathi kokungunda, enokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwenaliti ngaphakathi kumngundo kwaye inciphise kakhulu ukuguqulwa kokubumba kunye ne-fiber preform, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa iimfuno zokusebenza kwenkqubo yezixhobo kunye nokubumba. .Ikwavumela itekhnoloji ye-RTM ukuba isebenzise i-molds elula, enenzuzo ekunciphiseni iindleko zokuvelisa.Ke ngoko, obu bugcisa bufaneleke ngakumbi ukwenza iinxalenye ezinkulu ezidibeneyo, Umzekelo, i-foam sandwich composite plate yenye yamacandelo amakhulu asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwintsimi ye-aerospace.
Ngokubanzi, inkqubo ye-VA-RTM ifanelekile kakhulu ekulungiseleleni amacandelo amakhulu kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu kwe-aerospace composite.Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo isengoomatshini e-China, ekhokelela ekusebenzeni kwemveliso ephantsi.Ngaphezu koko, uyilo lweeparamitha zenkqubo ubukhulu becala luxhomekeke kumava, kwaye uyilo olukrelekrele alukaphunyezwa, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo umgangatho wemveliso.Kwangelo xesha, izifundo ezininzi ziye zabonisa ukuba i-gradients zoxinzelelo zenziwa ngokulula kwicala lokuhamba kwe-resin ngexesha lale nkqubo, ngakumbi xa usebenzisa i-vacuum bags, kuya kubakho inqanaba elithile lokuphumla koxinzelelo phambi kokuhamba kwe-resin, eya kuthi ifumaneke. kuchaphazela ukungena kwe-resin, kubangela ukuba amaqamza enze ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza, kwaye anciphise iimpawu zomatshini zemveliso.Kwangaxeshanye, ukuhanjiswa koxinzelelo olungalinganiyo kuya kubangela ukwabiwa kobukhulu obungalinganiyo besixhobo sokusebenza, esichaphazela umgangatho wembonakalo yesixhobo sokugqibela, oku kukwangumceli mngeni wobugcisa obusafuna ukuwusombulula.
Inkqubo yokubumba i-resin yokudlulisa i-L-RTM
Inkqubo ye-L-RTM yokubunjwa kokuhanjiswa kwe-resin luhlobo olutsha lwethekhnoloji ephuhliswe ngokwesiseko senkqubo ye-VA-RTM yendabuko.Njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo, eyona nto iphambili yale teknoloji yenkqubo kukuba i-mold ephantsi ithatha isinyithi okanye enye i-mold eqinile, kwaye i-mold ephezulu ithatha i-semi rigid i-mold lightweight.Ingaphakathi lokubumba liyilwe kunye nesakhiwo sokutywinwa kabini, kwaye isikhunta esiphezulu sigxininiswe ngaphandle nge-vacuum, ngelixa ingaphakathi isebenzisa i-vacuum ukwazisa i-resin.Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-semi-rigid mold kwi-mold ephezulu yale nkqubo, kunye ne-vacuum state ngaphakathi kwe-mold, uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwi-mold kunye neendleko zokuvelisa i-mold ngokwayo ziyancipha kakhulu.Le teknoloji inokuvelisa iindawo ezinkulu ezidibeneyo.Xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo ye-VA-RTM yendabuko, ubukhulu beengxenye ezifunyenwe yile nkqubo zifana kakhulu kwaye umgangatho weendawo eziphezulu kunye nezantsi ziphezulu.Kwangaxeshanye, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zesemi-rigid kwi-mold ephezulu ingaphinda isetyenziswe, Le teknoloji inqanda inkunkuma ye-vacuum bags kwinkqubo ye-VA-RTM, eyenza ifaneleke kakhulu ukuvelisa iindawo ezidibeneyo ze-aerospace kunye neemfuno eziphezulu zomgangatho ophezulu.
Nangona kunjalo, kwinkqubo yemveliso yokwenyani, kusekho ubunzima obuthile bobugcisa kule nkqubo:
(1) Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezilukhuni kwi-mold ephezulu, ukungonelanga kwezinto eziphathekayo kunokukhokelela ekudilikeni ngexesha lenkqubo yokubumba ehleliweyo ye-vacuum, okubangelwa ubuninzi obungalinganiyo bomsebenzi kunye nokuchaphazela umgangatho wayo ophezulu.Ngelo xesha, ukuqina kwesikhunta nako kuchaphazela ixesha lokuphila kwesikhunta ngokwalo.Indlela yokukhetha i-semi-rigid material efanelekileyo njenge-mold ye-L-RTM yenye yobunzima bobugcisa ekusebenziseni le nkqubo.
(2) Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-vacuum yokupompa ngaphakathi kwe-L-RTM ye-teknoloji yobumba, ukutywinwa kwe-mold kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubela phambili yenkqubo.Ukutywinwa okunganeleyo kunokubangela ukungena ngokwaneleyo kwe-resin ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza, ngaloo ndlela kuchaphazela ukusebenza kwayo.Ke ngoko, itekhnoloji yokutywinwa komngundo yenye yobunzima bobugcisa ekusebenziseni le nkqubo.
(3) I-resin esetyenziswe kwinkqubo ye-L-RTM kufuneka igcine i-viscosity ephantsi ngexesha lokuzaliswa kokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-injection kunye nokuphucula ubomi benkonzo ye-mold.Ukuphuhlisa i-matrix ye-resin efanelekileyo yenye yobunzima bobugcisa ekusebenziseni le nkqubo.
(4) Kwinkqubo ye-L-RTM, ngokuqhelekileyo kuyimfuneko ukuyila imijelo yokuhamba kwi-mold ukukhuthaza ukuhamba kwe-resin efanayo.Ukuba uyilo lomjelo wokuhamba alukho ngqiqweni, lunokubangela iziphene ezifana neendawo ezomileyo kunye negrisi etyebileyo kwiindawo, ezichaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wokugqibela wamacandelo.Ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezintsonkothileyo ezinamacala amathathu, indlela yokuyila umjelo wokuhamba komngundo ngokufanelekileyo ikwayenye yobunzima bobugcisa ekusetyenzisweni kwale nkqubo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-18-2024
